![]() All the planning and designing activities from the previous phases are put into action here. The third phase of the waterfall model is when the actual work takes place. ![]() While the planning phase determines what needs to be delivered, the design phase determines how to get there. In addition, details such as budgets and timelines are fleshed out and documented against the project phases and resources. This includes the tasks and activities necessary to deliver the project scope as well as the order of their progression. During this phase, the project manager adds to the project plan by building on and organizing the project specifics. This phase is all about uncovering and designing the solutions to the problems identified in the requirements phase. The project manager must also use this time to assign roles to each resource in the project to prevent bottlenecks down the line. These must be lined up against the different phases to ensure that team members have complete visibility into their next set of tasks. By planning the project down to a granular level now, project managers can prevent the need to go back to the planning phase down the line.ĭuring the project planning phase, the project manager must also identify the deliverables across the project lifecycle and their dependencies. ![]() The key to success of the waterfall model is to put a lot of time and effort into the first phase. ![]() This should include details such as costs, risks, dependencies, timelines, and success metrics. Therefore, the project manager must ensure that requirements, objectives, and variables are documented at every stage of the project. After all, the success of this methodology depends on all project requirements being collected and analyzed at the beginning. The first phase in the waterfall model is focused entirely on planning and preparing for the later phases. Here we’ll look at the five most commonly recognized phases in the waterfall project management methodology. What is common in all these models is that they all follow a strictly linear progression, with one phase only starting once the previous phase is completed. In these models, some of the steps from the original waterfall model were broken down or merged into other phases. However, variations in the process were developed over the years, and some of these models have 5 or 7 phases. The Phases of Waterfall Project Management MethodologyĪs described by Royce, the original waterfall model defined 6 steps or phases. As a result, changes to the project phases or goals are typically discouraged. Any change to the project parameters usually means a complete or partial rework of the previous phases, making it more complicated and more expensive to change course once the project is underway. As most of the research and planning is done early, the estimates for each phase are more accurate, resulting in more predictable outcomes. This method’s success or failure depends on the effort given during the initial phases. ![]() A typical waterfall project management model can be broadly divided into the phases seen below. Team members are given clearly defined roles and are encouraged to work linearly toward the goal. One of the most traditional project management methodologies, the waterfall model is particularly useful in projects that follow a single timeline with highly detailed plans. The original model proposed by Royce for software development is shown below. However, no single person is formally credited for the creation of the waterfall project management methodology. Royce, an American computer scientist, in 1970. The first formal diagram of the waterfall process is typically attributed to an article written by Winston W. As such, through the different phases of the project, the process flows in only one direction, similar to a waterfall. The waterfall project management model takes a linear approach in which project activities are broken down into sequential steps or phases, and each phase is entirely dependent on the deliverables of the previous phase. What Is the Waterfall Project Management Methodology? ![]()
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